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What is the structure of a backlight source?
Release time：2021-08-08
A. Light Source
1. Fluorescent Lamps
Cold Cathode Fluorescent Lamps (CCFL): for medium and large backlight modules.
Hot Cathode Fluorescent Lamps (HCFL): for extra‑large hollow backlight modules.
2. Organic EL Area Light Source
Suitable for small full‑color backlight modules due to relatively low brightness.
3. LED Light Source
Blue LEDs have been widely developed. They form white light through the light guide plate and reflector. High brightness makes them increasingly practical.
B. Light Guide Plate
C. Diffuser and Prism Films
Diffuser plate: adjusts light direction and covers defects on the total reflection surface. Optical parameters include transmittance and haze, selected based on design.
Prism film: key component for enhancing front brightness. BEF series can boost brightness by 1.4–1.8 times; DBEF by up to 1.5 times.
D. Lamp Reflector
Function: collects light from the lamp and directs it into the light guide plate.
Shape greatly affects light input efficiency.
Small/medium modules: silver‑coated PET, ~80% efficiency.
Large modules: special copper reflectors, up to 90% efficiency.
Leakage current must be considered in mechanical design.
E. Frame Assembly
Fixes the module and protects against impact, sweat and damage.
F. Reflector Sheet
Reflects unused light back into the guide plate for recycling.
G. Polarization Conversion
Light includes P‑polarization and S‑polarization. Only P can pass through LCD.
Multi‑layer films convert S to P, improving brightness and reducing power use.
H. Inverter
Provides high‑voltage pulses to drive the lamp.
Converts DC voltage from power supply into high‑frequency AC for stable lighting.